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Table 3 Macro-minerals content in concentrate feed ingredients (on DM basis)

From: Study on minerals status of dairy cows and their supplementation through area specific mineral mixture in the state of Jharkhand

Particular

Ca

P

Mg

S

K

Na

Critical level*

<0.30%

<0.25%

<0.20%

<0.20%

<0.9%

<0.06%

Crushed maize (25), Zea mays

0.02 ± 0.00

0.26 ± 0.01

0.10 ± 0.00

0.11 ± 0.00

0.37 ± 0.01

0.01 ± 0.00

Wheat bran (81), Triticum aestivum

0.12 ± 0.02

0.84 ± 0.03

0.33 ± 0.01

0.20 ± 0.00

1.06 ± 0.03

0.02 ± 0.00

Mustard oil cake (54), Brassica campestris

0.68 ± 0.03

0.96 ± 0.03

0.40 ± 0.02

1.26 ± 0.05

1.12 ± 0.04

0.02 ± 0.00

Cattle feed (21)

0.99 ± 0.1

1.41 ± 0.06

0.78 ± 0.03

0.44 ± 0.03

1.26 ± 0.05

0.65 ± 0.06

Gram chunni (9), Cicer arieninum

0.63 ± 0.14

0.25 ± 0.02

0.33 ± 0.08

0.13 ± 0.01

0.73 ± 0.03

0.02 ± 0.00

Rice bran (15), Oryza sativa

0.11 ± 0.01

0.46 ± 0.05

0.29 ± 0.02

0.11 ± 0.01

0.61 ± 0.07

0.01 ± 0.00

Maize + wheat mixture (17), Zea mays + Triticum aestivum

0.20 ± 0.07

0.36 ± 0.02

0.20 ± 0.03

0.17 ± 0.02

0.61 ± 0.06

0.02 ± 0.01

Crushed wheat (12), Triticum aestivum

0.06 ± 0.01

0.31 ± 0.01

0.12 ± 0.00

0.15 ± 0.01

0.41 ± 0.01

0.00 ± 0.00

Wheat grain (5), Triticum aestivum

0.04 ± 0.00

0.30 ± 0.01

0.11 ± 0.00

0.17 ± 0.01

0.38 ± 0.01

0.01 ± 0.00

Gram flour (15), Cicer arietinum

0.09 ± 0.02

0.29 ± 0.02

0.12 ± 0.01

0.17 ± 0.02

0.74 ± 0.08

0.01 ± 0.00

Kesari dal (3), Lathyrus sativus

0.13 ± 0.00

0.28 ± 0.00

0.14 ± 0.00

0.18 ± 0.01

0.73 ± 0.09

0.02 ± 0.00

Linseed cake (6), Linum usitatissimum

0.49 ± 0.04

0.58 ± 0.02

0.38 ± 0.01

0.35 ± 0.04

0.92 ± 0.04

0.02 ± 0.00

Maize grain (5), Zea mays

0.01 ± 0.00

0.27 ± 0.01

0.10 ± 0.01

0.11 ± 0.01

0.39 ± 0.01

0.01 ± 0.00

Masoor chunni (4), Lens culinaris

0.37 ± 0.02

0.21 ± 0.06

0.28 ± 0.02

0.10 ± 0.01

0.50 ± 0.02

0.04 ± 0.00

Masoor + arhar mix chunni (6), Lens culinaris + Cajanus cajan

0.43 ± 0.01

0.17 ± 0.03

0.21 ± 0.01

0.12 ± 0.01

0.83 ± 0.15

0.04 ± 0.01

Sesame cake (6), Sesamum indicum

0.64 ± 0.18

0.77 ± 0.04

0.45 ± 0.02

0.54 ± 0.06

1.12 ± 0.04

0.05 ± 0.01

Jowar green (2), Sorghum bicolor

0.43 ± 0.05

0.29 ± 0.02

0.27 ± 0.02

0.20 ± 0.01

2.01 ± 0.16

0.01 ± 0.00

Wheat flour (7), Triticum aestivum

0.06 ± 0.01

0.30 ± 0.01

0.13 ± 0.00

0.18 ± 0.00

0.41 ± 0.02

0.03 ± 0.00

Bengal gram (2), Cicer arietinum

0.23 ± 0.02

0.49 ± 0.04

0.18 ± 0.01

0.27 ± 0.02

1.07 ± 0.03

0.03 ± 0.01

Maize cake (2), Zea mays

0.07 ± 0.01

0.28 ± 0.02

0.06 ± 0.01

0.24 ± 0.02

0.13 ± 0.01

0.02 ± 0.01

  1. Figures in the parentheses indicate no. of samples analysed
  2. *Concentrations below which are low or considered to be deficient (McDowell et al., 1993), based on requirements for cattle [11]