Effects of citrus pulp, fish by-product and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microflora of weanling pigs

Table 1 Ingredient and chemical compositions of experimental diets (d 0 ~ 14; as-fed basis)

	Citrus pulp, fish by-product, and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass, %
	0	2.5	5
Ingredients, %
Corn	45.38	42.36	39.34
Whey powder	15.38	15.38	15.38
Deh-SBM	24.88	27.08	29.29
Soy oil	3.00	3.00	3.00
Fish meal	5.0	2.5	0.0
L-lysine (78%)	0.50	0.51	0.52
DL-Methionine (100%)	0.12	0.14	0.15
Choline-chloride (50%)	0.07	0.07	0.07
MCP	0.50	0.79	1.08
Limestone	0.67	0.73	0.78
Salt	0.20	0.20	0.20
Mineral premix¹	0.30	0.30	0.30
Vitamin premix²	0.30	0.30	0.30
ZnO	0.34	0.34	0.34
Sucrose	3.36	3.80	4.25
Citrus pulp, fish by-product, and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass	0.0	2.50	5.00
Calculated chemical composition³
ME, kcal/kg	3,400	3,400	3,400
CP, %	21.00	21.00	21.00
Ca, %	0.80	0.80	0.80
Av. P, %	0.40	0.40	0.40
Lys, %	1.60	1.60	1.60
Met + Cys, %	0.80	0.80	0.80

¹Supplied per kilogram of diet: 45 mg Fe, 0.25 mg Co, 50 mg Cu, 15 mg Mn, 25 mg Zn, 0.35 mg I, 0.13 mg Se.
²Supplied per kilogram of diet: 16,000 IU vitamin A, 3,000 IU vitamin D3, 40 IU vitamin E, 5.0 mg vitamin K3, 5.0 mg vitamin B1, 20 mg vitamin B2, 4 mg vitamin B6, 0.08 mg vitamin B12, 40 mg pantothenic acid, 75 mg niacin, 0.15 mg biotin, 0.65 mg folic acid, 12 mg antioxidant.
³Based on NRC[15] values.

ISSN: 2055-0391