Effects of citrus pulp, fish by-product and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microflora of weanling pigs

Table 5 Effect of dietary inclusion of citrus pulp, fish by-product, and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass on fecal microflora (Log ₁₀ cfu/g) of weanling pigs ¹

Item	Citrus pulp, fish by-product, and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass, %			SEM²	P-values³
Item	0	2.5	5.0	SEM²	Linear	Quadratic
Phase I (d 14)
Total anaerobic bacteria	9.23^b	9.32^ab	9.50^a	0.05	0.020	0.446
Bifidobacterium spp.	8.73	8.78	8.79	0.05	0.434	0.706
Clostridium spp.	7.21	7.17	7.10	0.07	0.277	0.846
Coliforms	6.98	6.95	6.93	0.05	0.517	0.907
Phase II (d 28)
Total anaerobic bacteria	9.38^b	9.46^ab	9.57^a	0.16	0.020	0.786
Bifidobacterium spp.	8.82	8.85	8.88	0.18	0.379	0.976
Clostridium spp.	7.30	7.26	7.24	0.22	0.400	0.887
Coliforms	7.16	7.11	7.08	0.23	0.362	0.814

^abValues with different superscripts of the row significantly differ (p < 0.05).
¹Data represent means based on 6 replicates per treatment.
²Standard error of means.
³Linear and quadratic effects of increasing citrus pulp and Bacillus subtilis fermentation biomass in the diet.