Table 3 Microclimate parameter and particulate matter concentration in farm A and farm B during validation of the developed welfare assessment protocol

Temperature,°C

28.52 ± 0.38

27.35 ± 0.86

Relative Humidity, %

67.69 ± 1.37

79.3 ± 10.2

NH₃, ppm

2.83 ± 2.21

6.35 ± 3.23

PM₁₀, μg/m³

129.1 ± 18.71

110.13 ± 20.53

PM₇, μg/m³

88.9 ± 16.94

73.77 ± 22.98

PM_2.5, μg/m³

38.97 ± 3.32

36.17 ± 10.07

PM₁, μg/m³

22.33 ± 3.13

20.93 ± 5.86

TSP_, μg/m³

273.6 ± 92.77

287.50 ± 64.52