Table 6 Amount of anti-nutritional factors in canola meal and their main effects
From: A review of canola meal as an alternative feed ingredient for ducks
Component | References | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sinapine % | Phytic acid % | Glucosinolates (μmol g−1) | Tannins, % | |
Average amount | ||||
0.6–1.8 | 3.0–6.0 | 18.3 | 1.5–3.0 | [37] |
0.6–1.8 | 3.0–6.0 | 10–12 | 1.5–3.0 | [6] |
1.0 | 4.0 | 16 | 1.5 | [25] |
1.0 | – | 5.5 | – | [17] |
0.79–0.97 | – | 1.73–5.26 | – | [5] |
Effects on poultry | ||||
Bitter flavor. | Binds minerals | Enlargement of internal organs like liver and Kidney | Impairs digestion. Especially protein | [6] |
Layers produce “Fishy eggs”. | ||||
Production of off flavor “Fishy eggs” | Render the minerals and make them unavailable for absorption | Decrease the growth rates of broilers, increase the thyroids and liver sizes and cause hemorrhagic liver syndrome | Interfere with digestive enzymes and lower the nutrient utilization | [37] |
By layer hens | ||||
– | – | No real evidence that canola cultivars with zero glucosinolates may cause any effect | – | [25] |
“Fishy taint” in brown shell egg | Make protein and minerals biologically unavailable. | Interfere with the function of thyroid gland and adversely affect growth performance | Affect protein digestion and poor growth performance in broiler | [17] |