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Table 7 Least square means for the fatty acid composition (% of total FA) of supraspinatus muscle in goats fed graded levels of blend of 80 % canola oil and 20 % palm oil

From: Carcass traits, meat yield and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues and Supraspinatus muscle in goats fed blend of canola oil and palm oil

 

Level of BCPOd (%)

 

P value

Parameter

0

4

8

SEM

Overall

Linear

Quadratic

C14:0, myristic

2.98

2.17

2.11

0.03

0.213

0.421

0.212

C16:0, palmitic

24.53a

21.63b

17.34c

2.14

0.011

0.031

0.330

C16:1n-7, palmitoleic

3.29a

2.16b

1.09c

0.01

0.046

0.002

0.175

C18:0, stearic

17.93

17.35

15.39

1.54

0.541

0.472

0.112

C18:1n-9, oleic

28.13c

31.93b

36.44a

3.00

0.021

0.041

0.331

C18:1 trans-11 Vaccenic

2.02a

3.02b

4.78c

0.20

0.012

0.031

0.221

CLA cis-9 trans-11

0.66c

1.08b

1.14c

0.02

0.012

0.012

0.221

CLA trans-10 cis-12

0.68

0.76

0.79

0.22

0.556

0.213

0.451

C18:2n-6, linoleic

10.61

10.26

10.60

1.20

0.150

0.187

0.156

C18:3n-3, linolenic

0.72a

1.00b

1.45c

0.02

0.013

0.048

0.189

C20:4n-6, arachidonic

5.55

5.34

5.24

0.56

0.212

0.568

0.118

C20:5n-3, eicosapentaenoic

0.86a

1.28b

1.54c

0.02

0.045

0.042

0.091

C22:5n-3, docosapentaenoic

0.99

1.00

0.74

0.10

0.541

0.219

0.871

C22:6n-3, docosahexaenoic

1.06

1.04

1.05

0.01

0.342

0.221

0.448

Total FA (mg/g of muscle)

2.11

2.34

2.18

0.03

0.112

0.574

0.378

FA ratios and sums

∑SFA

45.44a

41.15b

34.84c

4.21

0.001

0.002

0.019

∑MUFA

33.26c

37.11b

42.31a

3.21

0.005

0.001

0.003

∑PUFA

21.13

21.76

22.55

3.11

0.213

0.445

0.318

∑n-3

3.63c

4.32b

4.78a

0.76

0.014

0.047

0.231

∑n-6

16.16

15.60

15.84

1.21

0.223

0.345

0.186

n-6:n-3

4.45a

3.61b

3.31c

0.50

0.034

0.041

0.176

UFA:SFA

1.20a

1.43b

1.86c

0.07

0.013

0.045

0.124

PUFA:SFA

0.46c

0.52b

0.65a

0.01

0.025

0.019

0.332

Desaturase and elongase indices

ID16

11.83a

9.08b

5.91c

1.20

0.032

0.001

0.664

ID18

61.07c

64.29b

70.30a

5.11

0.041

0.045

0.716

Elongation Index (EI)

68.46a

67.44a

73.76b

6.72

0.045

0.043

0.212

  1. a,b,cmeans having different superscript along the a row are significantly different (P < 0.05). ∑SFA = (C14:0 + C16:0 + C18:0), ∑MUFA = (C16:1+ C18:1+ C18:1 trans-11), ∑UFA = (C16:1+ C18:1+ C18:1 trans-11+ CLA cis-9 trans-11+ CLA cis-12 trans-10 + ∑n-3 + ∑n-6), ∑PUFA = (C18:1 trans-11+ CLA cis-9 trans-11+ CLA cis-12 trans-10 + ∑n-3 + ∑n-6), ∑n-3 = (C18:3n-3 + C20:5n-3 + C22:5n-3 + C22:6n-3), ∑n-6 = (C18:2n-6 + C20:4n-6) n-6:n-3 = (C18:2n-6 + C20:4n-6) ÷ (C18:3n-3 + C20:5n-3 + C22:5n-3 + C22:6n-3), UFA:SFA = (∑UFA)/∑SFA), PUFA:SFA = (∑PUFA/∑SFA). ID16, (Δ 9 desaturase enzyme activity on C16:0) = 100(C16:1)/(C16:0 + C16:1), ID18, (Δ 9 desaturase enzyme activity on C18:0) = 100(C18:1)/C18:0 + C18:1). EI = 100[(C18:0 + C18:1 n-9)/(C18:0 + C18:1n-9 + C16:0 + C16:1)]. SEM = standard error of means. Values are least square means for 8 goats per diet. dblend of 80 % canola oil and 20 % palm oil