Table 8 Volatile fatty acids content in manure measured based on the treatment
Sampling date | VFAs (mM) | Treatments | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
control | Low fat | Medium fat | High fat | ||
20-Jun-13 | Acetic | 49.5 a* ± 3.2 | 51.3 a ± 3.5 | 46.0 a ± 1.5 | 46.5 a ± 4.8 |
Propionic | 17.0 a ±2.1 | 17.3 a ± 2.5 | 20.2 a ± 4.1 | 19.4 a ± 4.0 | |
Isobutyric | 2.1 a ± 1.3 | 2.0 a ± 0.6 | 2.0 a ± 1.4 | 2.1 a ± 0.6 | |
Butyric | 24.0 a ± 2.6 | 21.7 a ± 3.0 | 25.7 a ± 3.7 | 23.0 a ± 1.5 | |
Isovaleric | 4.6 a ± 1.4 | 3.2 a ± 1.9 | 4.6 a ± 1.7 | 3.9 a ± 1.3 | |
Valeric | 2.8 a ± 3.0 | 4.5 a ± 1.3 | 1.5 a ± 1.5 | 5.1 a ± 1.8 | |
|  | TVFA (mM) | 120.7 a ± 27.6 | 101.7 a ± 37.4 | 105.1 a ± 8.6 | 127.1 a ± 24.2 |
30-Jul-13 | Acetic | 51.4 a ± 2.2 | 49.5 a ± 2.4 | 51.1 a ± 2.9 | 50.9 a ± 2.8 |
Propionic | 23.5 a ± 1.4 | 19.8 a ± 3.4 | 21.3 a ± 3.3 | 19.5 a ±2.3 | |
Isobutyric | 1.4 a ± 0.3 | 1.5 a ± 0.4 | 1.7 a ± 0.6 | 1.7 a ± 0.2 | |
Butyric | 21.0 a ± 1.2 | 24.4 a ± 2.3 | 22.1 a ± 1.8 | 22.8 a ± 1.7 | |
Isovaleric | 1.3 b ± 0.3 | 3.5 a ± 0.5 | 2.2 ab ± 0.8 | 3.4 ab ± 0.3 | |
Valaric | 1.4 a ± 1.3 | 1.4 a ± 1.0 | 1.6 a ± 1.7 | 1.6 a ± 0.9 | |
|  | TVFA (mM) | 150.2 a ± 18.9 | 149.0 a ± 32.7 | 176.4 a ± 42.2 | 148.7 a ±10.9 |
20-Aug-13 | Acetic | 46.0 a ± 3.7 | 44.7 a ± 2.8 | 45.6 a ± 2.4 | 49.0 a ± 5.6 |
Propionic | 25.4 a ± 1.3 | 25.6 a ± 3.9 | 24.7 a ± 2.1 | 22.0 a ± 3.5 | |
Isobutyric | 1.5 a ± 0.2 | 1.4 a ± 0.3 | 1.2 ab ± 0.4 | 0.7 b ± 3.6 | |
Butyric | 22.4 a ± 2.4 | 22.4 a ± 2.4 | 23.4 a ± 1.4 | 24.6 a ± 3.6 | |
Isovaleric | 1.3 a ± 0.1 | 1.5 a ± 0.6 | 1.3 a ± 0.4 | 0.9 a ± 0.3 | |
Valeric | 3.5 a ± 0.5 | 4.4 a ± 1.7 | 1.3 a ± 1.2 | 2.9 a ± 1.1 | |
|  | TVFA (mM) | 147.6 ab ± 34.8 | 178.2 a ± 19.9 | 142.0 ab ± 42.5 | 128.8 b ± 47.5 |
18-Sep-13 | Acetic | 48.9 b ± 0.6 | 50.8 ab ± 0.6 | 53.5 a ± 2.1 | 51.2 ab ± 2.5 |
Propionic | 22.7 a ± 1.7 | 22.4 a ± 1.1 | 20.9 a ± 2.3 | 21.9 a ± 1.0 | |
Isobutyric | 1.1 a ± 0.3 | 0.8 a ± 0.1 | 1.0 a ± 0.5 | 1.2 a ± 0.3 | |
Butyric | 23.7 a ± 1.0 | 22.4 ab ± 1.8 | 20.6 b ± 1.6 | 21.3 ab ± 1.0 | |
Isovaleric | 1.0 a ± 0.3 | 0.8 a ± 0.2 | 1.0 a ± 0.5 | 1.2 a ± 0.2 | |
Valeric | 2.5 a ± 0.6 | 2.8 a ± 1.0 | 3.0 a ± 1.3 | 3.6 a ± 1.2 | |
|  | TVFA (mM) | 129.2 a ± 15.0 | 109.0 ab ± 14.4 | 114.5 ab ± 17.9 | 105.3 b ± 11.1 |
9-Oct-13 | Acetic | 53.5 a ± 0.9 | 49.8 b ± 0.0 | 51.9 ab ± 0.3 | 50.2 b ±0.8 |
Propionic | 20.9 a ±0.1 | 20.6 a ± 0.6 | 20.2 a ± 1.7 | 22.8 a ± 0.7 | |
Isobutyric | 0.9 a ± 0.0 | 1.2 a ± 0.0 | 1.4 a ± 0.4 | 0.4 a ± 0.5 | |
Butyric | 21.8 a ± 0.2 | 23.7 a ± 0.9 | 21.8 a ± 0.5 | 24.4 a ± 1.3 | |
Isovaleric | 0.9 a ± 0.3 | 1.2 a ± 0.1 | 1.4 a ± 0.3 | 0.6 a ± 0.2 | |
Valeric | 1.9 a ± 0.2 | 3.5 a ± 1.5 | 3.3 a ± 1.5 | 1.5 a ± 1.5 | |
|  | TVFA (mM) | 144.5 a ± 18.4 | 108.8 a ± 0.5 | 113.5 a ± 16.2 | 123.1 a ±8.0 |