Table 3 Antioxidant status, protein degradation and lipid oxidation in infraspinatus (IS) and gluteus medius (GM) muscles in goats during postmortem chill storage

α-tocopherol (mg/kg)

IS

2.19 ± 0.130^a

2.01 ± 0.100^b

1.43 ± 0.061^c

1.16 ± 0.020^c

<.0001

0.192

GM

2.14 ± 0.111^a

1.93 ± 0.120^b

1.40 ± 0.032^c

1.23 ± 0.040^c

0.0012

P value

0.217

0.140

0.223

0.123

γ-tocopherol (mg/kg)

IS

0.69 ± 0.051^a

0.65 ± 0.052^a

0.41 ± 0.010^b

0.23 ± 0.020^c

<.0001

0.237

GM

0.70 ± 0.022^a

0.65 ± 0.021^a

0.44 ± 0.040^b

0.27 ± 0.010^c

<.0001

P value

0.532

0.112

0.267

0.417

δ-tocopherol (mg/kg)

IS

0.08 ± 0.011

0.08 ± 0.012

0.07 ± 0.011

0.07 ± 0.011

0.109

0.280

GM

0.12 ± 0.031

0.10 ± 0.011

0.09 ± 0.021

0.09 ± 0.031

0.204

P value

0.211

0.234

0.091

0.094

Total carotenoid (mg/kg)

IS

0.27 ± 0.010^a

0.23 ± 0.011^a

0.18 ± 0.012^b

0.11 ± 0.010^c

<.0001

0.447

GM

0.25 ± 0.030^a

0.22 ± 0.012^a

0.15 ± 0.041^b

0.10 ± 0.030^c

0.004

P value

0.901

0.548

0.071

0.361

Catalase¹

IS

1828.9 ± 27.23^y

1820.0 ± 20.83^y

1844.2 ± 21.91^y

1816.3 ± 26.80^y

0.190

0.135

GM

1666.2 ± 11.80^x

1767.0 ± 10.20^x

1515.2 ± 12.11^x

1700.2 ± 17.10^x

0.219

P value

0.012

0.009

0.034

0.022

SOD²

IS

3.14 ± 0.161^y

3.07 ± 0.121^y

3.31 ± 0.212^y

3.17 ± 0.05^y

0.742

0.221

GM

2.70 ± 0.132^x

2.45 ± 0.143^x

2.87 ± 0.111^x

2.78 ± 0.05^x

0.092

P value

0.030

0.002

0.043

0.012

GPX³

IS

66.75 ± 2.621

63.42 ± 3.500

65.03 ± 2.772

63.01 ± 0.940

0.806

0.156

GM

65.20 ± 1.600

59.89 ± 1.250

63.11 ± 2.112

62.22 ± 1.332

0.418

P value

0.190

0.090

0.301

0.128

TBARS (mg MDA/kg)

IS

0.12 ± 0.010^c

0.15 ± 0.011^c

0.19 ± 0.010^b

0.28 ± 0.010^a

<.0001

0.173

GM

0.11 ± 0.010^c

0.13 ± 0.020^c

0.18 ± 0.030^b

0.26 ± 0.031^a

<0.001

P value

0.130

0.273

0.112

0.367

Carbonyl (nmol/mg protein)

IS

1.08 ± 0.041^a

1.43 ± 0.130^a

2.47 ± 0.291^b

3.63 ± 0.120^cx

<.0001

0.451

GM

1.09 ± 0.010^a

1.35 ± 0.120^a

2.50 ± 0.122^b

3.01 ± 0.221^cy

<.0001

P value

0.231

0.154

0.347

0.035

Free thiol (nmol/mg protein)

IS

52.89 ± 1.671^a

49.75 ± 1.302^a

45.91 ± 1.380^b

39.25 ± 1.711^c

0.014

0.234

GM

55. 82 ± 1.220^a

52.86 ± 1.112^a

48.00 ± 1.091^b

41.01 ± 1.000^c

0.021

P value

0.213

0.437

0.815

0.200