Skip to main content

Table 2 Total feed and nutrient intake of goats supplemented with different levels of choline chloride through forced drinking during pregnancy and lactation periodsa

From: Effect of choline chloride supplementation on milk production and milk composition of Etawah grade goats

Variables

Level of choline chlorideb

SEM

P values

 

g/2days

  
 

0

4

8

  

Pregnancy period

     

 Grass dry matter, g

559

631

569

67.52

0.094

 Total dry matter, g

1177

1248

1187

67.47

0.095

 Grass/Total dry matter, %

47.43

50.36

47.72

2.93

0.112

 Organic matter, g

1045

1110

1054

60.78

0.095

 Crude protein, g

148

156

150

7.03

0.094

 Total digestible nutrients, g

805

853

812

44.76

0.094

 Neutral detergent fiber, g

558

609

565

47.78

0.091

 Acid detergent fiber, g

356

391

361

33.30

0.092

 Crude fat, g

34.83

35.69

34.97

0.81

0.098

 Calcium, g

17.90

18.09

17.93

0.18

0.091

 Phosphorus, g

4.40

4.53

4.30

0.24

0.176

Lactation period

     

 Grass dry matter, g

574

615

611

58.42

0.318

 Total dry matter, g

1192

1233

1228

58.46

0.315

 Grass/Total dry matter, %

47.97

49.83

49.62

2.36

0.250

 Organic matter, g

1058

1096

1092

52.60

0.307

 Crude protein, g

150

155

157

6.19

0.142

 Total digestible nutrients, g

836

865

862

41.00

0.314

 Neutral detergent fiber, g

569

598

595

41.52

0.317

 Acid detergent fiber, g

364

385

383

29.02

0.320

 Crude fat, g

35.00

35.50

35.47

0.70

0.286

 Calcium, g

17.93

18.04

18.04

0.15

0.289

 Phosphorus, g

4.42

4.51

4.50

0.11

0.227

  1. aOn a dry matter basis
  2. bBasal diet was supplemented with choline chloride through forced drinking technique
  3. SEM = standard error of the means